Metal sash construction



G. H. FORSYTH.

lMETAL SASH CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED ocT.3. 19I4.

Patented Feb. 7, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

..-IIIIIIIIIIII IIII la?- I- I G. H. FORSYTH. y

METAL SASH CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED ocT. 3, I9I4.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Feb.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFF-lace.-v i

GEORGE n. roRsYTH, or cHIcAoo, ILLINOIS.

METAL sAsn CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb,l '1, 192.2;

Applicationv led October 3, 1914. Serial No. 864,705.

The present invention has for its object the provision of a simple, eiiicientand compact window construction involving more particularly though not vexclusively the employment of anarrow metal sash in connection withy the necessary' hardware and other fittings such as locks, weather vstripping, glazing beads, etc., whereby to adapt such accessories to the limitations involved in the way of small space for mounting and y freedom from interference one with another, and with the operation of the narrow sash within the guides formed by the sash stops. l

Metal sash are of two general types, those having a removable glazing bead and those K in which the glass is confined between two .beads neither of which is removable. Where the sash is of sufficient width to accommodate the lock on its side face no'diliiculty is encountered in mounting lthesame, but

when the width ofthe sash is reduced toV lthe narrowest dimensions,f first in order to save metal and 'to increase the glazed area -for the 'admission of light, the inner edge of the sash adjacent the glass must be uti'- lized in the mounting of the lock and this gives rise to the problem of harmonizing the necessity of a secure anchorage for the lock with the convenient lazing of the sash and v'the prevention of t e passagev of the ele-l ments around the edges of the sash.

It is often required that the sash be -glazed without removal of the sash from the opening, which latter may be very diicult in view of the construction of the sash opening and adjacent `car structure. Hence the necessity of a removableglazing bead, which frequently has to be provided upon the same side ofthe sash as ithe lock or other =sashl attachments are located. This invention lis intendedv to meet these conditions,`

. as well as to improve the `manner of mounting the lockupon a fixed sash bead. Other associated featuresof invention will also be brought out. y f

In the accompanying drawings and in the detailed description based thereon are set in-Figures 1 to 4;

forth preferred and modified embodiments of the invention. tion is capable of embodiment in other and varied constructional .forms than those shown, it will be understood that the drawing and description are to be taken in an illustrative and not in an unnecessarily limiting sense. In'the drawings- Fig. 1 is an elevation of a corner of a sash showing a lock mounted upon the inner edge of a sash and cooperating with the usual glazing bead to effect the retention of the glass;

Fig. v2 is a vertical section on the line' 2 2 of Fig. 1;

As, however, the inven- A Fig. 3 is a similar section on the line Y 3--3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line 4.-4 of Fig. 1; t

Fig. 5 is a detail cross sectional view of the form of removable glazing bead shown Fig. 6 is an elevation of a sash corner showing the lock mounted upon the fixed ,glazing bead;

Fi 7 is a vertical transverse section on the line 7--7 of Fig. 6;

Fi 8- is a horizontal transverse section on the line 8--8 of Fig. 6; ,l Fig. 9 is a section similar to Fig. 8 showing a slightl modified construction in which the remova le glazing bead and weather strFip are combined in one;

ig. 10 is a fragmentary view in elevation of avsash corner on that side opposite the lock and showingA the relation of the glazin bead and weather strip at the corner o the sash;l Fi 11 is a front elevation of a sash corner showmg the lock permanently mounted uponthe removable glazing bead, the whole being removably mounted upon the sash;

Fi 12 is a verticaltransverse section on the'llne 12-12 of Fig. 11; l Fig. 13v is a horizontal transverse section on the line 13-13of Fig. 11.; v

Fig. 14 is al front elevation of a sash corner showingv a' -modified form of mounting the lock upon the fixed bead o'f thesash 'in interlocked relation;

Fig. 1'5 iS a vertical transverse section on the line 15, 15 of Fig. l14:;

Fig.- 16-is ahorizontal transverse section on the line 16-16 of Fig. 14;

Figs. 17 and 18 are fragmentary perspective views of the sash members underlying the lock and illustrating the provision for an `interlocking connection between the lock and Sash;

Fig. 19 is a horizontal transverse section through the sash stile showing a modifiedl form of glazing bead; and

F ig.'20 is a horizontal section showing a sli htly modified form of construction.

aving reference more especially to Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive of the drawing the reference numerals 21 andl 22 designate the sash rail and stile respectively connected together to form a sash corner, the rail and stile each including a fixed bead 23 for the retention of the glass 24 the margin of which abuts on its four sides against said bead as will be readily understood. The sash members 21 and 22 0n the side opposite the bead 23 have no flange o-r bead so as to permit the glass to be inserted from .that side. In order to hold the glass in position a glazing bead designated generally at 25 is provided which is in Athe orm of a spring metal strip having one portion of substantially U-shape, theside walls 26, 27 of the U being normally inwardly sprung towards each other as shown in Fig."

5 and the bottom 28 of the U having an oblique relationto the side walls while the remainder of the glazing bead consists of a portion 29 slightly inclined to the Vertical, a portion 30 slightly inclined to the horizontal, and an underlying portion 31. The U portion of the strip is adapted to be slipped over the edge of the glass as indicated in Figures 3 and 4, the converging relation of the walls causing the same to hug the side face of the glass while the oblique bottom of the U provides a clearance which imparts centering resiliency to the glass in the plane thereof. The glazing bead having been xed to the edges of the glass the latter with the bead is -inserted in the sash and pushed back against the fixed bead 23. In so doing the oblique bottom of 'the U forms a close fit with the plane face of the sash and screws 32 passing through and inclined slightly to the plane of the approximately horizontal portion 30 causing thewalls 25 and 29 tomore snugly abut against lthe glass while clamping the beady to the sash member. Itwill thus be seen that the glazing beadprovides for v the resilient mounting of the glass and for the hermetic sealing of the sash against the f penetration of the elements edges of the rail and stile and utilize the flanged portions 34 and 35 of the lock to perform the function of a glazing bead'at the corner of the sash, these fianges bearing against the outer marginal face of the glass and the lock being secured to the inner edge of the sash members bythe screws 36 and 37 while additional screws 38 may be employed upon the outer face of the rail, the same passing through the depending flange 39ofthe lock.

In order to accommodate the lock in this position and permit it to perform this glazing function, the glazing beads pro-per do not extend to the corner of the sash b-ut terminate at the edges of the lock` and abut against the fianges 84 and of the latter.

In order to effect a rigid connection between the sash members at the corner, tubular L-shaped metal inserts y4() are employed which extend from the corner for a short distance in each direction within the sash members and serve also as an interior anchorage for the fastening screws by which the lock is held in place. As a further means of securing the lock to the sash members the lock is advantageously provided elongated slot 43 and the vsash stile with a.

pair of slots adapted to receive the lugs 41. In assembling the lock with the sash the lug 42 is first dropped through the slot v43 and the lock then moved to the left causing the hook 42 to engage beneath the upper wall of the rail and its corner insert 40 while the lugs 41 at the same time enter the slots in the stile provided for their reception. It will thus be seen that the lugs 41 and 42 sustain the lifting strain which is applied to the lock in operating the sash and that the screws 36, 37 and 38 are relieved almost 'entirely of shearing strain.

In the manufacture of sash from brass it is important that the gauge of the metal employed be as low as possible in order to reduce the weight and consequent cost of material. The stiles of narrow sash are protecfted against rough usage by being enclosed almost entirely between the window stops but the cross rails, and especially the lower rail, not being thus protected are liableto deformation in service, in the raising and lowering of. the window by means of improlll or other hard particles upon the sill. In

order to providein the lower rail sufficient rigidity to withstand rough usage and yet avoid the use of heavy gauge brass I provide the lower rail throughout its length with an inner reinforcement 44 of steel or the like which immediately abuts and supports the side, top and desirably the bottom walls of for the glazin I valso the rail as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and also in Fig. 7. For affording suitable anchorage bead and retaining screws refera ly employ similar interior reixliforcing tubes in the stiles and top cross ral In Figs. 6 to 8 inclusive a lock of the same general type is shown as mounted in an improved manner upon the `fixed bead 23 of the several members, the same being secured in position by means of screws 45' and 46 whlch` pass through the fixed bead into the inner reinforcement 44. This renders possible the employment of a very narrow lower rail while causing the lock to clear the sill coping 47. I n this form of construction the removable lazing bead is in the form of .a rigid ang e .strip having one portiony 48 lsecured to the edge wall of the sash by lmeans of the screws 49 and another portion ltain f the other figures, the' angle between the two parts of the glazing'bead is greater than the angle which the underlying face of the sash makes with the glass and the axis of the securing screws is at such an inclination as to fprovide for the rocking of the bead as on a fulcrum to cause the same to press against the glass under theaction of the screw and also to grip and lock the screw by the back pressure of the strip. On the sash stiles the removable glazing bead has combined therewith a weather strip in the form of a resilient metal member having one portion 52 secured to the Sash and to the glazing bead by the screwsr 49 and another portion u,53 extending adjacent the side face of the stile and pressed towards the stile by the spring action which is emphasized by its beaded portion 54. Between the portion 53 of the weather stripand the side face of' the stile is housed thesash stop 55 so as to effectually preclude the entrance of dust, air or water around said stop and sash to theinterior of the apartment, .this

action being supplemented by the drawing of the sash under the action of the strip 53, snugly against the outer stops 55.

In 'Fig 9 a slight modification is shown in which the removable glazing bead and ythe weather strip are combined in one, the glazing bead in this instance being in itself resilient as distinguished from the rigid strip shown in Fig. 8.

In Fig. vis illustrated the manner` in which the 'corner connectionis formed between the combined glazing bead and weathstrip portion intact to extend t0 the point 57 near the bottom of the sash. In this figure also is illustrated the manner in which the lower 'end of the stop 55 is cut away in the line aL to prevent the trapping of water behind the same, the cut-away portion'being 70 covered in the closed position of the sash by the lower end of the weather strip 53.

Having reference to Figsfl'l, 12 and 13, a form of construction is shown in which a rigid glazing bead 58 is employed yupon that side of the sash which receives the lock.. In this instance the 'glazing beads extend along the rail and stile to a meeting point, the end of oneabutting against the e e of theother as shown in dotted lines in Figure 11. The lock, instead of performing the function of lglazing beads at the corner, overlies the beads and ispermanently attachedfthereto as `by rivets 59, and the lock is likewise secured through the glazingbeads to the interior re invforcing-tubesy and the inner corner, reinforcements 40 by the screws 60. It is also secured to the side face of the rail by male and female -s'crew 61 which transfixes the lock, rail, interior reinforcing tubes and interior and corner reinforcements.

In these figures the lock is also shown as adapted to a construction -in which is emv ployed a weather'stripping 62 comprising a spring strip folded uponl itself and inserted between the edge of the stile and the bottom of the guide and also between the side face of the stile and th'e stop 63 with the beaded portion 64 projecting beyond the stop 63. In order.to enable this form of weather stripf ping to be employed in connection with the lock the plunger 65 of the latter is offset sufiiciently from the side face of the sash tov clear the projecting beaded portion 64 of the weather stripv as clearly shown in Fig. 13.

In that form of construction just described vthe lock and removable glazing bead are removed as an entirety from the bottom railA and stiles of the sash when it is desiredto renew the glass, lthe lock and rglazing beads being held permanently lin assembled relation by means of the rivets 59.

In Figures 14 to 18 inclusive is shown a lock mounted upon the fixed bead of the sash in a manner differing somewhat from that shown in Figures 1, .2 and 3. Here the lock is provided with an integral downwardly depending lug or-wing portion 66 and with a laterally extending lug 67, the stile being provided with a slot 68 adapted to -re- 120 ceive the lug 67 and the rail being provided with an elongated slot 6 9 of .a length at least equal to the width of the lug 66 plus the length of the lug 67. The lock is adapted to be assembled bydropping a lug 66 into 126 the slot 69 and then'movingthe lock to the left so as to cause the lug 67 to enter the slot 69. The male and female screw 70 is then inserted, transfixing the vwalls of the sash rail, the interior reinforcement and the lug,

the removable glazing bead inthe form of a separate corner reinforcing angles 40 are dispensed with and the internal stiffening members 44 are applied interiorly of both the rails and stiles, the ends of the said stiff- .ening members within the rails extending into and across the ends of the stiles and the members 4 of the stiles extending to and abutting againstthose of the rails, a it being secured by mitermg or coping the ends where necessary; or the meeting ends of the members may one enter the other and 'be suitably joined to each other and tothe outer` sash shell. In' either case the whole joint may be sweated together by dipping whereby the contacting surfaces of the stiffening members 44 will be joined to each other and to the sash shell at lthe corner.

In Fig, 19 is illustrated a resilient lazing bead which combines the U-shaped g assreceiving portion of the glazing bead shown in Fig. 5 with an exterior resilient portion 72 which is substantially flush with the side face of the stile as in Fig. 16. This portion 72 of the bead terminates in an inturned underlying portion 7 3 and held in place with reference to the stile by means ol the male and female screw 74 which transfixes the stile at this point. Y

Fig. 20 shows a further modification in which the fixed glass supporting bead 23 is formed by interlocked edges of the metal shell forming the sashl member, which need not be permanently joined as by soldering o1' Welding but which are'maintained in interlocked engagement by the outward or expanding pressure of the interior reinforc` ,y ing member which is driven into vthe shell sash in adjusted position or merely A glass.

and which also serves as4 an anchorage for the glazing bead screws 49.

Herein the term lock is meant to include devices generally for operating the sash, whether carrying a plunger for holdin the nger pieces for raising and lowering the same.

I claim:

1. The combination with sash members connected to form a] sash corner and havin on one side a fixed glass-retaining bead, o a lock disposed on that side of the sash opposite said bead with a portion abutting the glass margin, and a removable glazing bead secured to the sash marginally of the The combination with sash members l connected to form a sash corner and having on one side a fixed glass-retaining bead, of a lock disposed in the corner on that side of the sash opposite said bead with a portion overlying the inner edge of the sash and abutting the horizontal and vertical glass 'margin, and a removable glazing bead secured to the sash marginally of the glass with its end abutting the lock.

3. The combination with sash members connected to form a sash corner and having on one. side a fixed glass-retaining bead, of a lock disposed in the, corner on that side of the sash opposite said bead, with a portion overlying the inner edge of the sash and supporting thehorizontal and vertical glass margin, and removable glazing beads secured to the sash marginally of the glass and cooperating with the lock to support the glass margin.

4. The combination with sash members connected to form a sash corner, of a lock .disposed in the corner with a portion overlying the interior edge of the sash adjacent theglass, and having an integral portion penetrating and underlying a portion of. the.v

sash and being thereby interlocked therewith in a manner to prevent a right line withdrawal of the lock from the sash.

5. The combination with sash members connected to form a sash corner, of a lock disposed in the corner with a portion overlying the interior edge of the sash adjacent the glass, the sash member having a slot, a hooked lug extending `trom the lock and adapted to enter the slot and interlock with the sash, and removable fastening means to prevent the withdrawal of the lug.

6. The combination with sash' members connected to form a sash corner, of a lock disposed in the corner with a portion overlying the interior edge of the sash adjacent the glass, the sash member having a slot, a hooked lug extending from the lock and adapted to enter the slot and interlock with the sash, and removable fastening means transfixing the lock and the side of the sash member and lug to prevent the removal of` the latter. K i 7. The 'combination with sash members connected to form a sash corner andhaving on one side a fixed glass' retaining bead, and spring weather stripping disposed between t e sash and members and the window stops and having a portion projecting beyond the stop, of a lock disposed on that side of the sash opposite said fixed bead with a portion abutting the glass. margin to press the same a inst the fixed bead, and a lock plun er o set from the side face of the sash a istance suicient to clear the projecting portion of the weather stripping.

v8. In metal sash construction, theA combination of a sash rail and stiles formed of thin metal, of a relativel heavy metal rev substantially the full length of the rail and supporting the walls thereof.

9. In metal sash construction, the combination of a sash rail and stiles formed of thin metal, of a relatively heavy metal reenforcement disposed within and extending substantially the -ull length of the rail and supporting the walls thereof, and L-shaped reenforcements disposed within and forming a connection between the adjacent ends of the stiles and reenforced rail.

10. In metal sash construction, the combination with sash members having on one side a fixed .glass-retaining bead, of a removable glazing bead having a U-shaped portion along one margin with inwardly sprung sides adapted to receive the edge of the glass, and exterior portions along the other margin adapted to overlie the edge of the sash and the outer margin-of the lass in planes at slight angles to the. p anes thereof.

11. In metal sash construction, the combination with sash members having on one side a fixed glass retaining bead, of a removable glazing bead having a U-shaped portion with inwardly sprung sides and van oblique bottom adapted to receive and grip the edge of the lass, exterior inclined and substantially horizontal portions adapted to overlie the inner edge of the sash and the outer margin of the glass, and means for securing the glazing bead to the sash.

12. In metal sash construction, the combination with sash members having on one side a fixed lass retaining bead, of a removable glazing bead having a U-shaped portion with inwardly sprung sides and an oblique bottom adapted to receive and grip the edge of the glass and to cushion the same both edgewise and transversely', exterior inclined and substantially horizontal portions adapted to overlie the inner edge of the sash and the outer margin of the glass, and mellns for securing the glazing bead to the sas 13. The combination with sash members connected to form a sashcorner and havin on one side a fixed glass-retaining bead an sash lock disposed within the inner edge of the sash opposite said bead and over-lapping the adjacent side of the glass. l

14. In a metal sash, the combination with an outer thin shell of superior metal such as brass, of an inner st-ifening and supporting lining of inferior metal such as steel extending .substantially throughout the shell, a lock member mounted on the shell and fastening members extending through the shell into the inner lining.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

" GEORGE nFoRsYTH.

Witnesses:

MARY C. BROWER, L. T. Gnms'r. 

